Wrap bones

The ligament and tendon meshes are defined based on their insertion sites, and they may be overclosing other bodies in the simulation. This step activates the ligament and tendon interactions with the femur, tibia, and patella. These bodies are the first to have ligament interactions because their kinematics will remain fixed.

The total time for this step is 0.1 seconds.

Interactions

The ligament/tendon interactions with the osseous femur, tibia, and patella are activated. Interactions of the ligaments with the menisci and cartilage are still inactive in this step because the amount of overclosure may lead to instability.

Active interactions between different bodies and structures during the Wrap bones step.
Name Femur Tibia Patella Femoral Cartilage Tibial Cartilage Patellar Cartilage Medial Meniscus Lateral Meniscus
amACL x x            
plACL x x            
alPCL x x            
pmPCL x x            
sMCLProx x x            
sMCLDist x x            
dMCL x x            
LCL x              
ALL x x            
PFL x x            
OPL x x            
MPFL x   x     x    
LPFL x   x     x    
Patellar Tendon x x            
Quadriceps Tendon x              

Kinematic Boundary Conditions

Femur

The femur is fixed in all degrees of freedom throughout this step.

Tibia

The tibia is fixed in all degrees of freedom throughout this step.

Patella

The proximal nodes in the quadriceps tendon will be fixed in all degrees freedom in this step.

The tibia is fixed in all degrees of freedom throughout this step.

Kinetic Boundary Conditions

Femur

No external loads are applied to the femur in this step.

Tibia

No external loads are applied to the tibia in this step.

Patella

No external loads are applied to the patella or the quadriceps tendon in this step.