Semimembranosus¶
This section describes the semimembranosus (SMT) anatomy, and the tibial attachment.
This anatomy is only modeled with the DU specimen because it is described as being loaded during patellofemoral testing in [ASC+16]. The OpenKnee(s) specimen does not have this tendon modeled because it is not loaded during the tibiofemoral or patellofemoral testing.
General Description¶
The semimembranosus tendon is described as having two arms that insert into the tibia, a direct arm and an anterior arm [LaP07]. The model includes the direct arm attachment, but not the anterior arm.
- Tibial insertion: proximal aspect of the posteromedial part of the tibia in a small groove just proximal to the tuberculum tendinis prominence. The center of the insertion area is 12.1 (range 9.2 to 14.9) mm distal to the tibial joint line. The insertion area is 107.4 (range 69.4 to 166.0) mm^2 [LaP07].

Fig. 42 The distal insertions of the SMT (https://clinicalgate.com/medial-and-anterior-knee-anatomy/). Note that the model only includes the insertion of the direct arm.
Note
When defining the insertion site for the semimembranosus, two proximal points should be defined to represent the line of action of the tendon in the image state.
[ASC+16] | Azhar A. Ali, Sami S. Shalhoub, Adam J. Cyr, Clare K. Fitzpatrick, Lorin P. Maletsky, Paul J. Rullkoetter, and Kevin B. Shelburne. Validation of predicted patellofemoral mechanics in a finite element model of the healthy and cruciate-deficient knee. Journal of Biomechanics, 49(2):302–309, January 2016. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021929015007265, doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.12.020. |
[LaP07] | (1, 2) Robert F. LaPrade. The Anatomy of the Medial Part of the Knee. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American), 89(9):2000, September 2007. URL: http://jbjs.org/cgi/doi/10.2106/JBJS.F.01176, doi:10.2106/JBJS.F.01176. |