How to interpret the results of svOneDSolver

Provides a system for patient-specific cardiovascular modeling and simulation.
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Li Xia
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Joined: Sun Sep 03, 2023 12:14 am

How to interpret the results of svOneDSolver

Post by Li Xia » Wed Jun 26, 2024 1:40 am

Hello,

I used svOneDSolver to perform a basic one-dimensional simulation of a steady-state problem in a straight tube. I input a flow rate of 100 ml/s and ran it for 100 steps with a time step of 0.001s . In theory, a steady-state problem should reach the ideal result in just a few steps. However, the results showed that the flow rate gradually increased along the length of the tube. Even at 0.1s, the flow rate at the last point was only around 52 ml/s (Under the condition that the area of the tube remains nearly constant). This seems completely different from the three-dimensional problem. In the three-dimensional problem, even if the blood vessels are deformable, the flow rates at the inlet and outlet would not differ so significantly.

Is it because, in the one-dimensional assumption, there is no fluid in the vessel before the simulation, and the fluid enters slowly during the simulation? On the other hand, in the three-dimensional simulation, it is assumed that the vessel is already filled with fluid before the simulation, so when a flow rate of 100 ml/s is applied at the inlet, the fluid exits at almost the same flow rate due to the incompressibility of the fluid.

Here are the files (test.in) and results (test_seg0_flow.dat) from my simulation. Why is there such a significant difference in the flow rate in the one-dimensional simulation? Could it be as I suspected?

Any help will be appreciated.
Lina

Code: Select all

# ================================
# MODEL - UNITS IN CGS
# ================================

MODEL test_

NODE 0 0 0 0
NODE 1 15 0 0

SEGMENT seg0 0 15 30 0 1 10 10 100.0 MAT1 NONE 0.0 0 0 RESISTANCE RESISTANCE_1

DATATABLE RESISTANCE_1 LIST
0.0 500
0.0 0.0
ENDDATATABLE

DATATABLE INFLOW LIST
 0.0 100
 1.0 100
ENDDATATABLE

SOLVEROPTIONS 0.001 1 100 2 INFLOW FLOW 1.0e-8 1 1

MATERIAL MAT1 OLUFSEN 1.06 0.04 0.0 1.0 20000000.0 -22.5267 865000.0

OUTPUT TEXT

Code: Select all

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 
0 62.1220850263 92.133425183 98.6218783348 99.7734945915 99.9604650742 99.9897685215 99.994559175 99.9955828963 99.9959765225 99.9962226422 99.9964072507 99.9965535785 99.9966724542 99.99677062 99.9968526491 99.996921424 99.9969776236 99.9970171494 99.9970234006 99.996947157 99.9966589712 99.9958458992 99.9938061333 99.9890758173 99.9788135312 99.9578900232 99.9177093468 99.8449411033 99.7205628834 99.5198395931 99.2139896635 98.7741641742 98.1778807028 97.4172087316 96.5069791008 95.490459603 94.4397771429 93.4492477046 92.6217090313 92.0504052444 91.800961112 91.8985007139 92.3235796285 93.017800933 93.8969730703 94.8676864483 95.8428691044 96.7530348774 97.5518112496 98.2161087251 98.7424411753 99.141293031 99.4312131351 99.6337766118 99.7699571949 99.8579654905 99.9123052469 99.9436744354 99.9593433409 99.9637197043 99.9589122901 99.9451976352 99.9213657802 99.8849671047 99.8325077295 99.7596505684 99.6614772064 99.5328547699 99.3689329316 99.1657699933 98.9210552686 98.6348610653 98.3103266947 97.9541559764 97.5768060005 97.1922645059 96.8173586133 96.4706056348 96.1706973384 95.9347864552 95.776799693 95.706018788 95.72614172 95.8349633916 96.024713761 96.2829843548 96.5940849779 96.940619141 97.3050566458 97.6711112419 98.02478818 98.3550351102 98.6539951957 98.9169128873 99.1417751926 99.3287842036 99.4797533586 99.5975054733 99.6853303839 99.7465387169 
0 25.5106415119 70.1644991877 92.1673564382 98.3128347434 99.6692475169 99.9331018609 99.9810779382 99.9898243028 99.9917323738 99.9924110115 99.9928137014 99.9931143456 99.9933551371 99.9935531035 99.9937180966 99.9938559306 99.9939674082 99.9940423792 99.9940421529 99.9938544359 99.9931883605 99.9913503631 99.986805669 99.9763948427 99.954064894 99.9090307527 99.8234534786 99.6700352316 99.410357928 98.995207602 98.3683055094 97.474542641 96.2727979792 94.751757291 92.9452340612 90.9420656024 88.8855925133 86.9596405292 85.3616878927 84.2684053246 83.8021654769 84.0077221803 84.8454735889 86.2025694491 87.9177532944 89.8123716759 91.7194742553 93.5050046206 95.0784424918 96.3934726961 97.4413797876 98.240631592 98.8257759496 99.2378222367 99.517186732 99.699371271 99.8129606034 99.8792660702 99.9129317114 99.9229498403 99.9137161376 99.8859291917 99.8372765243 99.7629413394 99.656016517 99.5079334895 99.3090111172 99.049208235 98.7191257276 98.3112519871 97.8213832868 97.250084923 96.604000513 95.8967789779 95.1493853996 94.3896040759 93.6506333497 92.9688047719 92.3806137548 91.919394193 91.6120705744 91.4764481459 91.5194406489 91.7364935705 92.1122677907 92.6224465391 93.236361589 93.9200351989 94.6392159201 95.3620420269 96.0610736636 96.714564522 97.3069682441 97.8287734864 98.2758244629 98.6483097824 98.9495973967 99.1850668703 99.3610521161 99.4839670888 
0 10.1449866819 41.9842879373 75.8821571304 92.7482251587 98.1987614372 99.5967788907 99.9086404154 99.9725485725 99.9853229635 99.9881770765 99.9891164363 99.9896334007 99.9900118257 99.9903159383 99.9905674475 99.990776051 99.9909415655 99.99104342 99.9910086345 99.9906314841 99.9893906665 99.9860681741 99.9780218964 99.9599198434 99.9217481415 99.8460186521 99.7043880742 99.4543820004 99.0375228703 98.380682423 97.4025871961 96.0267477699 94.200465734 91.9171671666 89.2367754639 86.297238295 83.3107899998 80.5416657471 78.2673044969 76.7308666052 76.0967627892 76.4209414849 77.6435877152 79.6051961782 82.0803514 84.8194054223 87.5876990404 90.1945540819 92.5084500045 94.458888636 96.0282647956 97.2381970438 98.1344797925 98.7736720549 99.2129379915 99.5035340008 99.6875102937 99.796789431 99.8537146883 99.872300048 99.8596427297 99.8171939695 99.7417779196 99.6263858329 99.4608549629 99.2325778212 98.9273868881 98.5307293052 98.0291901112 97.4123457518 96.6748388834 95.8184721382 94.8540384653 93.8025581478 92.6955966642 91.5744069618 90.4877769621 89.4886550178 88.6298419965 87.9592351167 87.5152381896 87.322977849 87.3918700724 87.7148794668 88.2695463879 89.0205814186 89.9236007639 90.9294421566 91.9884760908 93.0544023938 94.0871679076 95.054818606 95.9342714845 96.71113022 97.3787589913 97.9368687324 98.3898665885 98.7451848561 99.0117540699 99.1987284707 
0 4.10390131588 22.309237023 53.5503942328 80.1740917455 93.4899649449 98.2066677471 99.5546330256 99.8890486165 99.9646353143 99.9810234274 99.9848205658 99.986011322 99.9866198387 99.9870523649 99.9873980471 99.9876801149 99.9878966605 99.9880088796 99.9878876515 99.9871806841 99.9850184342 99.9794192712 99.9661899133 99.9370770043 99.8769685452 99.7601477245 99.5460309085 99.1754694634 98.5694205786 97.6322913439 96.2621181002 94.3685892572 91.8976592063 88.8585296823 85.3460481481 81.5503955206 77.7474376873 74.267565575 71.4471851148 69.5730161806 68.8325486377 69.2829028075 70.8452528385 73.3248271079 76.4498995305 79.919236144 83.4470204244 86.7968612866 89.8007086184 92.362775811 94.4517010795 96.085655728 97.315055764 98.2064699873 98.8298523274 99.2498487803 99.5209188057 99.6854465862 99.7738410815 99.8057133503 99.7914469216 99.733740622 99.6289394765 99.4681481352 99.2382358973 98.922897805 98.5039411225 97.9629290504 97.28324103 96.452509581 95.4652785507 94.325613151 93.0492994156 91.6652236495 90.2155430312 88.7543603274 87.3447972468 86.0546012965 84.9506798228 84.0931791346 83.5298626127 83.2915503811 83.3892525832 83.81337952 84.5350945077 85.5095546294 86.6805243166 87.985692764 89.3619970857 90.7503386683 92.0992482215 93.367262355 94.5239788346 95.5499260101 96.4354956339 97.1792429015 97.785859818 98.2640915911 98.6248065645 98.8793630687 
0 1.64166360268 11.1598009003 33.6921329042 62.11851317 83.5105487036 94.2406742121 98.2841926778 99.5367482606 99.8747806095 99.9576487841 99.9769463599 99.9816109069 99.9830409768 99.9837267419 99.9841954553 99.9845575419 99.9848191501 99.9849117781 99.9846137004 99.9833391137 99.9796830633 99.9705320966 99.9494811984 99.9042817006 99.8131601731 99.6401815141 99.3304251654 98.806533177 97.9689338684 96.7023423211 94.8905337792 92.4395865036 89.3069235201 85.5302630934 81.2482530056 76.7044710466 72.22942417 68.2007754675 64.9885368095 62.8969487936 62.1162541147 62.6950212446 64.538164145 67.4293447629 71.0710436962 75.1325563647 79.2959185614 83.2918771701 86.9215452934 90.0631632011 92.6664308751 94.7386111457 96.3269530995 97.5012746303 98.3392721648 98.9157707619 99.2960170794 99.5323991275 99.6636514465 99.7155860873 99.7025615028 99.6291551739 99.4917620533 99.2800526239 98.9783708044 98.5672295002 98.0250754133 97.3304534689 96.4646152631 95.4144980339 94.1758675524 92.7562917822 91.1775181616 89.4767928331 87.7067070232 85.9332940205 84.2323211979 82.6839954038 81.3665782625 80.349632863 79.6877421103 79.4155182699 79.5445594186 80.0627301156 80.9358045372 82.1111762108 83.5230706495 85.0985389376 86.7634788172 88.4480155392 90.0907470056 91.6415746252 93.0630600403 94.3304338135 95.430513666 96.3598596033 97.1225059705 97.7275788875 98.1870479035 98.5137889483 
0 0.66093825677 5.35836141341 19.5936170232 43.6141770623 68.705576514 86.1681902433 94.9422437536 98.3978373431 99.5365455933 99.8654285542 99.9517268961 99.9731220674 99.9785237954 99.9801710995 99.9809180269 99.9813914575 99.9816901114 99.9817108073 99.9810824653 99.9788486696 99.9727828048 99.9580965791 99.9252371781 99.856505696 99.7214597776 99.4715653521 99.0353302524 98.3160203502 97.1946696016 95.5409685468 93.2333343622 90.1869417556 86.3852026806 81.9072068398 76.9423834643 71.7852345035 66.8075207414 62.4114746225 58.9732058778 56.7883082277 56.0308452582 56.7330604103 58.7879951409 61.9724001407 65.9839220569 70.4848660373 75.1447800186 79.6754203349 83.8539592736 87.5330484268 90.6389259541 93.1606007056 95.1339729231 96.6245985624 97.7119614648 98.4769727536 98.9933141945 99.3224020996 99.5112534618 99.5923623841 99.5847587885 99.4956216504 99.3220659222 99.0529510516 98.6707314588 98.1534691274 97.4771540438 96.6184370886 95.5577854675 94.2829409811 92.79241939 91.0986623265 89.2303714425 87.2335453296 85.1708216807 83.1189029067 81.1640947443 79.3962753267 77.9018832028 76.7567107032 76.0193689195 75.7262311668 75.8884707292 76.4915209544 77.4969542782 78.8464601551 80.4673519156 82.2788845595 84.1986333818 86.1482594358 88.0581469042 89.8706035633 91.5415303442 93.0406561752 94.3505767725 95.4649203245 96.3859902184 97.1222149495 97.685682779 98.0899690743 
0 0.265023876538 2.50427157 10.7668788083 28.2976220089 52.0514465269 73.9024509126 88.3221678293 95.5751293751 98.5271234317 99.5483827751 99.860203144 99.9468678081 99.9695666505 99.9755430002 99.9773671348 99.9781267584 99.978472965 99.9783362201 99.9771224178 99.9732958981 99.9633821463 99.9401406222 99.8895901106 99.7866937513 99.589902698 99.2354564952 98.6332492044 97.666896028 96.2009003564 94.0970247038 91.2398489468 87.5683142266 83.1067187963 77.9865587463 72.4511311509 66.8384341226 61.5436977713 56.9687203604 53.4687132765 51.3073136893 50.6272815329 51.4399047489 53.632139731 56.9879921194 61.2195395708 66.0027291161 71.0131729482 75.9575435859 80.5970139709 84.7606054859 88.3481110014 91.3240195958 93.7051295164 95.5450346947 96.9184229303 97.9073602504 98.5907691044 99.0374129336 99.3020465151 99.4240370356 99.4276742161 99.3234907499 99.1101161838 98.7764092199 98.3037989932 97.668883352 96.846370401 95.8124129146 94.5482891114 93.0442511578 91.3032239912 89.3439242922 87.2029146179 84.935135934 82.6125847025 80.3210103728 78.1547766257 76.2103086018 74.578784837 73.3388783688 72.5503763439 72.2494060668 72.4457877183 73.1227582283 74.2390139037 75.7327470436 77.5271407219 79.5366601455 81.6734478281 83.8531883717 85.999939664 88.0496047566 89.9519123742 91.6709549998 93.1844791507 94.4822191311 95.5636099936 96.4352128378 97.1081471171 97.595763917 
0 0.106524044876 1.14681113542 5.67374117108 17.2558236481 36.6524954481 59.1675981669 78.0796049126 90.0903388203 96.136037903 98.6598874809 99.5678786902 99.8582233787 99.942980299 99.966273425 99.9726355594 99.9745306895 99.9750747584 99.9746654681 99.9724525858 99.96602406 99.9500399387 99.9137238246 99.8369694953 99.6850522457 99.4025256429 98.90778088 98.0907155484 96.8165530786 94.9385144323 92.3203519059 88.8667553282 84.5560710322 79.4670100724 73.7906052877 67.8214964976 61.9281611364 56.5079387068 51.9369809864 48.5258142338 46.4881469745 45.9257453935 46.8279623896 49.0823204839 52.4924591938 56.8007608368 61.7138720057 66.9294827091 72.1622181874 77.165950784 81.7498749587 85.786551242 89.2115824823 92.0161204676 94.2345104679 95.929798805 97.1795763348 98.0639337311 98.656453129 99.0183989304 99.1957399358 99.2183727701 99.1008835127 98.8443023458 98.4384896011 97.8649695446 97.1001529246 96.1189381018 94.8986525969 93.423208088 91.6872200278 89.6997227984 87.4870288752 85.0942671491 82.5852108373 80.0401703194 77.5519607132 75.2202186353 73.1445874117 71.4174666959 70.1170972052 69.3017127915 69.0053527755 69.2357172753 69.9742049612 71.1780324484 72.7841260439 74.7143191669 76.881293464 79.1946727198 81.5667143838 83.9171359696 86.1767485867 88.2897280226 90.2145132949 91.9234628012 93.4015036138 94.6440717857 95.6546604192 96.442273827 97.0190405797 
0 0.0427533671918 0.517232461205 2.89516385451 10.0203140179 24.2615845878 44.3606705399 65.1598851711 81.4838718642 91.5558996045 96.6284468235 98.7891263255 99.5918095251 99.8586610817 99.9399172021 99.9631823661 99.9696431671 99.9711914068 99.9704593288 99.9666099958 99.9559991107 99.9305616014 99.8745180475 99.7594642902 99.5381937879 99.1383908682 98.4583726428 97.3679255904 95.7173860424 93.3568932849 90.1650177925 86.0822510889 81.1414307381 75.485775134 69.3671331915 63.1222913663 57.1319403543 51.7722891744 47.3708767971 44.1753449048 42.3384762335 41.9174367858 42.8821127339 45.1273626122 48.4860452742 52.742233297 57.6456655079 62.9285945134 68.324996214 73.5904696099 78.5199998149 82.9606571149 86.8172683183 90.0506671325 92.6696820018 94.7190583514 96.2658360777 97.3863958833 98.1557011842 98.6394773208 98.8894025701 98.9409467316 98.8132973096 98.5108097716 98.0255274387 97.3404589884 96.4334166301 95.2812714138 93.8644660862 92.1715547757 90.2034424183 87.9769127817 85.5269988629 82.9077906484 80.1914026196 77.4650254552 74.8262302144 72.3769324773 70.2166101859 68.4354660753 67.1082189919 66.2891078124 66.0085252125 66.2715022613 67.058071316 68.32536613 70.0111847041 72.0386440239 74.3214950757 76.7696408707 79.2944109665 81.8131943379 84.253116564 86.5535596918 88.6674507098 90.5613708804 92.2146468432 93.6176629738 94.7696765164 95.6764226426 96.3477713753 
0 0.017174232911 0.230457942521 1.44029453194 5.59544363167 15.2545843742 31.3572679775 51.3102126187 70.2113818971 84.2877468321 92.7798126013 97.0584240518 98.9110044204 99.6178815359 99.8607846443 99.9374458917 99.9600007309 99.9657626382 99.9651719402 99.9588138687 99.9416060615 99.9016491988 99.8162479008 99.6460257909 99.3281563838 98.770610224 97.8503530929 96.4189442602 94.3182823358 91.4069114733 87.5935765792 82.8707284713 77.3382316093 71.2083482623 64.7877416328 58.4394117468 52.5341708054 47.4043622693 43.3106282812 40.4267917497 38.8412657918 38.5687506123 39.5647848414 41.7376430506 44.9555910147 49.0508606253 53.8236085271 59.0491145627 64.4898923875 69.9120934096 75.1035940303 79.8902143454 84.1468609872 87.8017290231 90.8334326716 93.2624421549 95.1390863836 96.5305459474 97.5088608751 98.1412816576 98.4835607935 98.5761947355 98.443259115 98.0933252864 97.5219441042 96.7152570451 95.654377764 94.3202350791 92.6985658263 90.7847034279 88.5877539484 86.1337222477 83.4671793773 80.6511673525 77.7652163572 74.9015767177 72.1600007908 69.6415996378 67.442406416 65.6472843132 64.3247290327 63.5229633457 63.2675436916 63.560532727 64.3811604639 65.687806713 67.4210817322 69.5077468217 71.8651904087 74.4061535026 77.0433850325 79.6939116267 82.2826369194 84.7450466548 87.0288841605 89.0947652204 90.9158067517 92.4764343909 93.7705981802 94.7996568622 95.5701898562 
0 0.00689524285263 0.101682952232 0.701951984527 3.02666107618 9.19010834009 21.0576191746 38.2541097599 57.4889350726 74.4790640694 86.6163585519 93.8080673046 97.4327435161 99.0236106546 99.644474666 99.8638673416 99.9349475993 99.9553374155 99.957381665 99.9476740173 99.9203294881 99.858413665 99.7299642176 99.48150937 99.0313464911 98.2654930581 97.0399499798 95.1927225671 92.5672150417 89.0450639674 84.5820658233 79.2373627303 73.1855513762 66.7051001505 60.1436865418 53.8689856361 48.2184030894 43.4608776181 39.7785326631 37.2684056279 35.9581479693 35.8267086083 36.8218858498 38.8700464964 41.877490712 45.7263551881 50.2696942965 55.3302414148 60.7056789158 66.1807669848 71.5442814706 76.6071551799 81.2179137458 85.2723845515 88.7162818283 91.5410147191 93.7744017288 95.4686335506 96.6878137948 97.4969210834 97.953339802 98.1014275466 97.9700639798 97.5728038342 96.9101120704 95.9731316838 94.7484594764 93.2234337214 91.3914478694 89.2568004638 86.8385962433 84.1732567729 81.315304068 78.3362532581 75.3216728604 72.3667057514 69.5705419921 67.0304528503 64.8360094663 63.0640228023 61.7745827516 61.0083876749 60.7853856279 61.1046266079 61.9451623673 63.2678179996 65.0176758633 67.1271325347 69.5193944858 72.112260883 74.8220078744 77.5671527042 80.2718557559 82.8687282089 85.3008581042 87.5229438548 89.5015190879 91.2143493842 92.6491637644 93.8019396448 94.6749837107 
0 0.00276925930603 0.0445014628567 0.33635640456 1.59462211314 5.34212807212 13.5306881732 27.1412151025 44.7743789784 62.9347915222 78.0936604444 88.5631800178 94.6761566283 97.7580252815 99.1261363972 99.6702655806 99.8666323742 99.9299841877 99.9432424429 99.9305062241 99.8882179596 99.7936969542 99.6031287013 99.2455796158 98.6175035929 97.582004053 95.9770109125 93.6351735162 90.4150531733 86.2385748298 81.1252698887 75.211901629 68.7484662984 62.0683708531 55.5394177807 49.5091217663 44.2595100321 39.9822607876 36.777150854 34.6690523114 33.634100896 33.6251128524 34.5889844171 36.472959975 39.2206953601 42.7619389402 47.0009770382 51.808754748 57.0220852563 62.4510957589 67.8936565116 73.153652664 78.0590793085 82.4762341465 86.3175315021 89.5421710358 92.1505061836 94.1740578701 95.6635476973 96.6771568898 97.270667512 97.490453285 97.3696482749 96.9273367005 96.1703000259 95.0966993648 93.7010117079 91.9795318167 89.9357713768 87.5851294248 84.9582856914 82.102898092 79.0833744378 75.9787248992 72.8787529141 69.8790611385 67.0754888678 64.5586273563 62.4089764229 60.6931355921 59.4612124927 58.7454327469 58.5597914263 58.9005178786 59.7471310291 61.0639193938 62.8017569948 64.9002313995 67.2900904569 69.8960015235 72.6395674379 75.4424752579 78.2295900657 80.9317684061 83.4881676932 85.8478716536 87.9707292427 89.8273995581 91.3986894402 92.674347078 93.6515227703 
0 0.00111196561491 0.0193437285262 0.158894768131 0.821764420653 3.01296182736 8.37101992695 18.4275087446 33.2720553113 50.8208596977 67.7083548392 81.1629262675 90.1996776048 95.4119425703 98.0402705079 99.218071365 99.6931528073 99.8648734242 99.9128384188 99.9017320491 99.8389091449 99.6971121338 99.4184933304 98.9115408952 98.0488440217 96.6717792723 94.6064929812 91.6925049498 87.8205548258 82.9711095875 77.2415489812 70.8508309551 64.1163293289 57.4068234292 51.0843091258 45.451199704 40.7167741529 36.9890489468 34.289466882 32.5815739927 31.8028640951 31.890709198 32.7970723927 34.4907873977 36.9494669479 40.1451375824 44.0284978588 48.5164321354 53.4862782914 58.7785730421 64.2079149988 69.5796502634 74.7087853354 79.4372075736 83.6459839093 87.2609276867 90.2512843753 92.6228037317 94.407324516 95.6512196994 96.4047526321 96.7137927875 96.6146500051 96.1321657745 95.2807287883 94.0675748663 92.497565785 90.5785838627 88.3267029427 85.7703890795 82.9531432039 79.9342202702 76.7873305265 73.5975166261 70.4566587131 67.4582384415 64.6920547941 62.2395185981 60.1699793173 58.5383034573 57.3836868774 56.7294962181 56.5838314227 56.9404905593 57.7800848971 59.0711652711 60.7713427832 62.8284838131 65.1821078776 67.7651084593 70.5058580659 73.3306682686 76.1664788611 78.9435732266 81.5980788531 84.0740214376 86.324755021 88.3136759958 90.0142268144 91.4092863439 92.4901123732 
0 0.000446551313428 0.00835944368414 0.0741575812416 0.415586120529 1.65607099461 5.0125932434 12.0360272732 23.6857663752 39.2753795329 56.3512589688 71.8779523314 83.7754706508 91.5814662698 96.0374132013 98.284159739 99.2973540357 99.7063321042 99.8429530471 99.8494369009 99.7617646456 99.5536213597 99.152754199 98.4452010176 97.2796088156 95.4799996152 92.871197723 89.3158914765 84.7562894909 79.2484586543 72.9763660268 66.2371345464 59.3982344364 52.8375359319 46.8834608765 41.7718051193 37.6288158811 34.4805735865 32.2809845136 30.9472489171 30.3925047296 30.5487788291 31.3774364234 32.867669334 35.0257241799 37.8586533387 41.3566888691 45.4781261952 50.1399290897 55.2161169492 60.5444271568 65.9399988911 71.2133072858 76.188718975 80.7200998075 84.7008391561 88.0671321241 90.7949112385 92.8920245105 94.3878846052 95.3228481495 95.7391683663 95.6747073199 95.1598904775 94.217771292 92.866615594 91.124131825 89.012352174 86.5621904917 83.8168442925 80.8334484746 77.6826993629 74.4465088165 71.2140669049 68.0769318471 65.1238820936 62.4362375931 60.0841986488 58.1245049771 56.5994459899 55.5370172963 54.9518636861 54.8465962136 55.2131154946 56.0336898048 57.2816887539 58.9220230964 60.9114564074 63.1990136152 65.7267070842 68.4307390306 71.2432370283 74.0944621099 76.9153231677 79.639959713 82.20813132 84.5671786198 86.6733887937 88.4926913828 90.0007078105 91.1822616766 
0 0.000179316236687 0.00359446609524 0.0342503828263 0.206791645881 0.890248227655 2.91783144981 7.59852258873 16.222020769 29.1272940925 45.0289862483 61.3590370266 75.5118583053 86.0041524336 92.752123698 96.5690540707 98.4904644811 99.3541205773 99.6852727878 99.7488825598 99.6383574296 99.3413126143 98.7749271251 97.803916541 96.2562992461 93.9474382491 90.7159409691 86.4673679437 81.2149593345 75.1033236365 68.4035952982 61.4770868893 54.7157607861 48.4765929942 43.0287051402 38.526367108 35.0109934403 32.4360057508 30.703408309 29.7007818424 29.330567087 29.5277189161 30.2653595382 31.5502543648 33.4109050074 35.8812948127 38.9832909702 42.710612014 47.0170562799 51.8111643134 56.9585083177 62.2914089761 67.6243557192 72.7721821631 77.5675207818 81.8744072867 85.5959996164 88.6758504118 91.0935776344 92.8567618365 93.9912995373 94.5322948285 94.5170385121 93.980910592 92.9563284462 91.4742737513 89.5675317913 87.2745871222 84.6431300657 81.73231066 78.6131875395 75.3672020195 72.0828947721 68.8514034677 65.7614753126 62.8947654358 60.3220734005 58.1009339943 56.2746871068 54.8728731867 53.9125918771 53.4003546829 53.3339636858 53.7040402574 54.4949788215 55.6852739858 57.2473300298 59.1469822947 61.3430231125 63.7870243876 66.4236897295 69.1918658097 72.0262171326 74.8594456706 77.6248401765 80.2588865957 82.7036682604 84.9088290655 86.8329518274 88.4442990367 89.7209547101 
0 7.20090586211e-05 0.0015388264225 0.0156756670376 0.101456066058 0.469396513319 1.65703618182 4.65565129092 10.7326210002 20.7971581289 34.6012093775 50.4537973002 65.8598056383 78.6742441989 87.9084229334 93.744394493 97.0146297595 98.6465861118 99.3512120695 99.5521562919 99.436361287 99.0278331342 98.2443142619 96.9359805907 94.918907284 92.0139523505 88.0931778431 83.1265465676 77.2152978294 70.598195958 63.6238316016 56.6939220943 50.1935972233 44.4293049202 39.5910064803 35.7453157717 32.8555078932 30.8174745367 29.4993320855 28.7752215522 28.5483526979 28.7623674915 29.4025738127 30.4895230683 32.0673512006 34.1889415633 36.8997521064 40.2222056055 44.1427216253 48.6034826107 53.5006062893 58.6894408068 63.9963497554 69.2349697052 74.223943795 78.8028966588 82.8439990135 86.2576686695 88.9923743925 91.0297350963 92.3768518979 93.0579810862 93.107332187 92.5641388897 91.4704069959 89.8710663092 87.8157591849 85.3612448106 82.5733920073 79.5279411548 76.3095738687 73.0092528905 69.720192536 66.5331099592 63.5315349779 60.7879069009 58.3609884011 56.2948386855 54.6192839841 53.3515688452 52.4987111712 52.0600338689 52.0293976279 52.3967866788 53.149068503 54.2699256264 55.7391142373 57.5313195566 59.6149390987 61.9511278902 64.4933879516 67.1878887539 69.9745830238 72.7890542153 75.5649199875 78.2365386093 80.7417338553 83.0242707606 85.0358721533 86.7376493419 88.1009113457 
0 2.8916313029e-05 0.000656254950483 0.00711733567716 0.0491636996958 0.243327156581 0.920813809719 2.77812948419 6.88497994216 14.345296089 25.6287474592 39.9871466463 55.5040654378 69.8817344106 81.422437425 89.5339328614 94.5755073785 97.359302308 98.6981961289 99.1747524736 99.100208485 98.5648366358 97.5078231495 95.7804690003 93.2033960332 89.6235428566 84.9698298727 79.2974260119 72.8064876668 65.825346468 58.7592692679 52.0187643762 45.9491227873 40.7813664277 36.6152851911 33.4331813977 31.134016408 29.5746679691 28.6072514881 28.1062677701 27.9840460132 28.1960212786 28.7385510608 29.641777158 30.9592707683 32.7555144521 35.0920178108 38.0130647331 41.5325500508 45.6237691062 50.2140670045 55.1857457943 60.3835815593 65.6279606789 70.731404759 75.5155257152 79.8254835224 83.5397898102 86.5745393097 88.8824580027 90.4481635896 91.2815248432 91.410954631 90.8780011544 89.733914429 88.038166276 85.8583543244 83.2706196585 80.3596803992 77.2177949974 73.9423386247 70.6320972272 67.3827488271 64.2822263153 61.4066986494 58.8177759567 56.5612885771 54.6676839632 53.1538023737 52.0255880037 51.2811940089 50.9139476942 50.9147354907 51.2735155363 51.9798366714 53.0224088457 54.3879106972 56.0593218017 58.0141222805 60.2227085773 62.6473333284 65.2417961101 67.9520018989 70.7173811441 73.4730476782 76.1524762987 78.6904248417 81.0258130663 83.1043011895 84.8803748281 86.3188252093 
0 1.16119694597e-05 0.000278915680849 0.00320876144096 0.023564198018 0.124255078663 0.501949336287 1.61931834805 4.29656481152 9.59038979281 18.3477341033 30.5936546768 45.1939812344 60.1581734137 73.4576244991 83.8018004588 90.9038424496 95.2266602713 97.5254644325 98.4826555261 98.5391320379 97.880098614 96.4963647926 94.2675528473 91.0455157699 86.7308262095 81.334691203 75.0142336997 68.0699480612 60.9032071479 53.9452645798 47.5797781265 42.0823392115 37.5922026796 34.1183186949 31.5705838174 29.8021827454 28.6501532016 27.9662422175 27.6355798821 27.5845902511 27.7812617083 28.2308339887 28.9689704922 30.053358272 31.5539168076 33.5415929297 36.076024482 39.1929676013 42.8930225251 47.1335717595 51.8257371685 56.837484451 62.0028655166 67.1360911819 72.0480673375 76.5625540915 80.5293700188 83.8329544443 86.3958057582 88.1774499908 89.1703551975 89.39445519 88.8917196729 87.7216707742 85.9581106057 83.6867832212 81.0033755625 78.0112121966 74.8181863552 71.5328052418 68.2595932449 65.0943815178 62.1201413031 59.40396908 56.9956337092 54.9278145465 53.2178713308 51.8707561068 50.8825426766 50.2440190776 49.943848734 49.9709284509 50.31572546 50.9705344285 51.9287391595 53.1832804807 54.7246150144 56.5384961731 58.6039178162 60.8915330672 63.3627984744 65.9700028377 68.6572304787 71.3621941797 74.01876926 76.5599824592 78.9211685004 81.0430077192 82.8741963768 84.3735668405 
0 4.66298905029e-06 0.000118181651811 0.00143753764361 0.0111846325571 0.0626071606505 0.268970763966 0.924301385636 2.61580020239 6.23289366956 12.7311556516 22.6425826508 35.5838856058 50.155457229 64.4085929422 76.6134882206 85.8293633151 91.9878989017 95.5873350202 97.2861535097 97.6153695378 96.867943171 95.1202812429 92.3191537571 88.3857259004 83.3083304662 77.2053596218 70.3450092088 63.1174793162 55.968932846 49.3193438349 43.4909593728 38.6676145374 34.8914293545 32.0898725761 30.1186106019 28.8053470805 27.9846319806 27.5197819779 27.3128953731 27.3063930287 27.4798206068 27.8446674751 28.4385772917 29.3191551178 30.5569080014 32.2267424253 34.3977925159 37.1220005167 40.4226040221 44.2842682878 48.6468154198 53.4041978549 58.4095349105 63.4858515493 68.4409526669 73.0840049107 77.2411536765 80.7679346651 83.5571718134 85.5421576473 86.6958456825 87.027316065 86.5768452104 85.4106132826 83.6156056956 81.2948040857 78.5624652664 75.5392165857 72.3468294861 69.1027832458 65.914985095 62.8771727773 60.0655365499 57.5369600731 55.3290400892 53.4617731351 51.9405615408 50.7600368784 49.9081443102 49.3699672872 49.1308739411 49.1787040371 49.5048615153 50.1043131213 50.9746076206 52.114118458 53.5197751026 55.1845854059 57.0952631642 59.2302607762 61.5584654254 64.0387492666 66.6204737203 69.2449436908 71.8477018502 74.3614606623 76.7194041149 78.8585614396 80.7229640522 82.2663399244 
0 1.87251681775e-06 4.99388814803e-05 0.000640390338326 0.0052624871831 0.0311690848022 0.14193138363 0.517761948798 1.55750426758 3.9485801492 8.58515921443 16.2480916448 27.1317712805 40.5072905543 54.821069349 68.24454857 79.3410548375 87.4474642663 92.6268095925 95.3471380364 96.1375841594 95.3803631296 93.2644872365 89.8498253837 85.1746041107 79.3535066023 72.6332453713 65.3916105203 58.0851733868 51.1676219618 45.0090260965 39.8422086244 35.748459927 32.6788368376 30.4966859171 29.0247483176 28.0844178499 27.5214664249 27.2184025871 27.0969639812 27.11507329 27.261773937 27.5521940413 28.0231769846 28.729220269 29.7378725832 31.1237076558 32.9603296431 35.3104581522 38.2148583196 41.681555576 45.6772139965 50.1225853447 54.8934584041 59.8276037099 64.7370311658 69.4237859803 73.6968308901 77.3874973416 80.3615187697 82.5265695675 83.8352078219 84.2838747137 83.9089852759 82.7811590729 80.9984102624 78.6788152882 75.9529473497 72.956281775 69.8218259475 66.6733425015 63.6196263847 60.7502959281 58.1334405488 55.8152558843 53.8215458276 52.1607426723 50.8279396438 49.809366946 49.0867687983 48.6412323169 48.4561491995 48.5191299987 48.822818062 49.3646554091 50.1457335293 51.168921061 52.4365019981 53.947585781 55.6955650102 57.6658953311 59.834451314 62.1666682449 64.6176116054 67.1330271413 69.6513233447 72.1063377061 74.4306527084 76.5591701909 78.4326315696 80.0007880583 
0 7.51943492428e-07 2.10501152524e-05 0.000283827629199 0.00245660558185 0.0153507535687 0.0738650553603 0.285156095955 0.908924343518 2.44413864447 5.64029265348 11.3310238967 20.0695247195 31.7193191039 45.2797307863 59.1333826253 71.6107311792 81.5307073072 88.4238272777 92.4034481352 93.8652802153 93.2229243634 90.7850724488 86.7678813903 81.3776699564 74.8937699112 67.7049268515 60.2850537261 53.1231517005 46.6393926537 41.1202167545 36.6922058629 33.3360576159 30.9277081131 29.288499406 28.2293740702 27.5811767556 27.2100292138 27.0210882517 26.9554661074 26.9845335685 27.1043526409 27.3314424827 27.6998982722 28.2591640154 29.0714538832 30.2078349396 31.7422598637 33.7433220768 36.26413648 39.3314251918 42.9354589394 47.0227950266 51.4936133093 56.2048290374 60.9791494697 65.6190817015 69.923913988 73.7071656772 76.8120638739 79.1231885729 80.5733025323 81.145264603 80.8695942131 79.818617479 78.0982170708 75.8381381389 73.1816867992 70.275566134 67.2605365533 64.2635273949 61.3917189977 58.7289340731 56.33443432 54.2439537478 52.4725668053 51.0188311687 49.8695833826 49.0047964274 48.4020085046 48.0399698445 47.9012986008 47.974065447 48.2523276584 48.7357053644 49.4281402863 50.3360086961 51.4657832835 52.8214579712 54.4019662516 56.1988340106 58.1943059199 60.3601634308 62.6574070881 65.0369053046 67.4410204365 69.8061210156 72.0657903711 74.1544616556 76.0111601329 77.583022843 
0 3.01956926167e-07 8.85311710288e-06 0.000125214807514 0.00113861474312 0.0074865851473 0.0379623894792 0.154653985825 0.5208433494 1.48133080499 3.61824618199 7.69636312517 14.4297770677 24.1122855731 36.302093085 49.795764245 62.9704962516 74.3153528398 82.8451328822 88.2081690302 90.5286690107 90.1608700549 87.5107808622 82.9776889449 76.978701528 69.987824833 62.5383510701 55.1757662927 48.3820454348 42.5061099855 37.7279832053 34.0651620723 31.4116011306 29.5907338821 28.4050602532 27.6718543048 27.2424089881 27.0076948595 26.8955387565 26.8641863921 26.8956539403 26.9906182001 27.1652826099 27.4498228091 27.8875827674 28.5340347318 29.4545471214 30.7201945902 32.4011961483 34.5580754325 37.231255028 40.4304184104 44.1254419493 48.240845245 52.6554069066 57.2078318683 61.7082709573 65.9543480983 69.749457218 72.9206920972 75.3339498514 76.9043992795 77.6014017091 77.447864095 76.5147117138 74.9116185441 72.7753458745 70.2570741272 67.5100253818 64.6784959929 61.8891621502 59.2451987891 56.8233922476 54.6740752912 52.8234212617 51.2774429146 50.0269685934 49.0529049641 48.3312129322 47.8371833772 47.5487657323 47.4488480245 47.5264971326 47.7772398418 48.2025047005 48.8083624447 49.6037105406 50.5980547872 51.799053396 53.2100071063 54.8274985935 56.6393981784 58.6234516884 60.7466422886 62.9654666419 65.2271877177 67.4720288341 69.6361685454 71.6552993658 73.4684407084 75.0216599985 
0 1.21256978118e-07 3.71577204592e-06 5.50079829597e-05 0.000524314715218 0.00361881957472 0.0192889646781 0.0827100137395 0.293535651425 0.880647709892 2.27082764411 5.10165495944 10.1025407506 17.818068643 28.266232807 40.7294823466 53.8509546893 66.0260494247 75.8787567152 82.573829713 85.8622977047 85.937839693 83.2515558785 78.3831803894 71.9797261862 64.7209109273 57.2723592764 50.2188093709 43.997637885 38.859647382 34.8710821973 31.9517812864 29.9318233591 28.6074033908 27.7830009818 27.2955038167 27.0225609595 26.8805345492 26.8175558739 26.8057465962 26.8348657858 26.9081829909 27.0404544585 27.2574044527 27.5959129368 28.1040482348 28.8400991369 29.8698612658 31.2616551581 33.0789303288 35.3708343758 38.1617342117 41.4412416248 45.1566508425 49.2096802852 53.4589311718 57.7285647247 61.822536854 65.5426018206 68.7075079912 71.1705668788 72.8331208917 73.6522350439 73.6419601427 72.8685171788 71.4405549374 69.4961443287 67.1883777874 64.6713705586 62.0881665666 59.5616026274 57.1886596782 55.0383122516 53.1524541817 51.5491838184 50.2275975061 49.1732538291 48.3635959318 47.7728060995 47.3757683133 47.1509942953 47.0825054112 47.1607502929 47.3826812474 47.7511234799 48.2735645161 48.9604806039 49.8233124998 50.8722102601 52.1136856647 53.548337139 55.1688374076 56.9583886747 58.8898442228 60.9256620245 63.018792961 65.114517399 67.1531392139 69.0733407574 70.8159127448 72.3275151426 
0 4.86918125855e-08 1.55662215904e-06 2.40720839452e-05 0.000240001352425 0.0017349957544 0.00969866468413 0.0436682337097 0.162914535878 0.514296920544 1.39650409666 3.30546930408 6.89721734161 12.8128794743 21.3829631844 32.3370212405 44.7018833979 56.9956952237 67.6451652943 75.4142561585 79.6524677686 80.3133483723 77.8219133354 72.8985266755 66.4010294008 59.1958325212 52.0513811622 45.5565455769 40.0763982214 35.7538053089 32.5511414857 30.3141047788 28.8366293926 27.9116474626 27.3616806753 27.0509789786 26.8849246522 26.8029643697 26.7698770627 26.7681799872 26.7928009735 26.8480909075 26.9467364147 27.1099470207 27.3682440931 27.7621625433 28.3421643441 29.1670857337 30.300553309 31.8050594293 33.7338051191 36.120968244 38.9716438504 42.2531856599 45.8898822698 49.7626869978 53.7150363622 57.5647271638 61.1206049175 64.201758513 66.6563092786 68.3768944741 69.3105627987 69.4618449359 68.8889667473 67.6942671832 66.0106669497 63.9864061492 61.770225485 59.4987789417 57.2874582809 55.225123286 53.3725992267 51.7643229909 50.4122417035 49.3109922338 48.4434779389 47.7861504568 47.3135370308 47.00177645 46.8311059453 46.787362783 46.8626287496 47.0551643556 47.3687684945 47.8116751116 48.3950753131 49.1313411239 50.0320305712 51.1057727214 52.3561610865 53.7798164211 55.3648053868 57.0896096777 58.9228226604 60.8237029388 62.7436375419 64.6284690801 66.4215342619 68.0671624979 69.5143102543 
0 1.95518180522e-08 6.50923212933e-07 1.04956920316e-05 0.000109243160552 0.000825450171411 0.00482871291324 0.0227772151718 0.0891160920741 0.295294457358 0.84222643611 2.09486653708 4.59389777804 8.96576518366 15.703852289 24.8770651601 35.9105409142 47.5941991886 58.3660953377 66.7536410124 71.7672382682 73.0927501704 71.0583148771 66.4493031925 60.2680801685 53.5105373803 47.0000326842 41.2966052653 36.681321697 33.1994287452 30.7354603056 29.0926866606 28.0572250985 27.4385067161 27.0873430782 26.8979878279 26.80156335 26.7566808186 26.7407591179 26.7435513285 26.7631182627 26.8038848396 26.8762336256 26.9970930743 27.1910110462 27.491201009 27.940009541 28.588220599 29.4926437856 30.7115878567 32.2981324104 34.2915746697 36.7079840105 39.5313265818 42.7069672079 46.1393555963 49.6952542557 53.2129762655 56.5169265298 59.4355596701 61.8200051811 63.5603250952 64.5967585963 64.9242728544 64.5900225082 63.6845979811 62.3289262433 60.6591973857 58.8121854112 56.9128952683 55.0657647917 53.3498705061 51.8178971062 50.4981415222 49.3985747757 48.5119591325 47.8211559643 47.3039880407 46.9372707964 46.6998502778 46.5746525704 46.5498520497 46.6193099846 46.7824355632 47.0435961311 47.4111691957 47.896299016 48.5114042215 49.268483896 50.1772874187 51.2434437094 52.4666810249 53.8392998542 55.3450789824 56.9587897962 58.6464606211 60.3664703014 62.0714630526 63.7109755749 65.2345678703 66.595168535 
0 7.84859734191e-09 2.71637926625e-07 4.55870971307e-06 4.9439346125e-05 0.000389661949522 0.00238013527063 0.0117346197579 0.0480288718073 0.166607608216 0.497727327732 1.29706812669 2.97999536299 6.09058140635 11.1607125557 18.4655669996 27.7662013828 38.1892443933 48.3600585745 56.7735224019 62.2433149619 64.2269825475 62.9058982894 59.0313679248 53.6404344959 47.7642571919 42.2177218351 37.5051832623 33.830006439 31.1686284986 29.3654307041 28.2161012844 27.5241333832 27.1293792326 26.9155494075 26.8055994608 26.7523965581 26.7292757433 26.7225983793 26.7267980573 26.7416099401 26.7709460001 26.8229100732 26.9105427258 27.0529452656 27.2764260613 27.6152563772 28.1115579982 28.813824202 29.773653032 31.0404879526 32.6545267088 34.6384405437 36.9890558186 39.6705549228 42.610898912 45.7029322015 48.8109541805 51.7825170633 54.4640538574 56.7179642961 58.4382894197 59.5622654148 60.0758463499 60.01250972 59.4459748438 58.4785354746 57.227301094 55.810682851 54.3370315882 52.8966207329 51.5573799391 50.3641066132 49.3404212536 48.4925202232 47.8137849371 47.2894628267 46.9008667947 46.6287806379 46.45596281 46.3687869153 46.3581403571 46.4197313735 46.5539448833 46.765356399 47.0619763068 47.4542659239 47.9539494333 48.5726452961 49.3203564584 50.2038868624 51.2252861905 52.3804575026 53.6580847966 55.0390414289 56.4964196491 57.9962737593 59.4990971156 60.9619642972 62.3411772768 63.5951742053 
0 3.1392497783e-09 1.12788985216e-07 1.96589597546e-06 2.2163153107e-05 0.000181747555834 0.00115600910765 0.00593920763234 0.0253472839103 0.0917265397312 0.285942004256 0.777581382102 1.8637278017 3.97148668161 7.5802764433 13.0439886809 20.356497401 28.9751529796 37.8342988859 45.6020650964 51.0918701287 53.6372318858 53.2569800581 50.5606482743 46.4763818923 41.944398396 37.6941000058 34.1525491418 31.4662007836 29.5847918715 28.3568151 27.604948863 27.1709821847 26.9340064534 26.8113191447 26.7511756094 26.7236336378 26.7126726793 26.7106078784 26.7146872476 26.7253667825 26.7457515092 26.7818143312 26.8431204516 26.9438394787 27.1038147983 27.3493998137 27.7136963292 28.2357833736 28.9585497856 29.9248792099 31.1722006696 32.7257971617 34.5917009801 36.7503963191 39.1527672854 41.7196474609 44.3458724493 46.9089359613 49.2813543913 51.3449099131 53.0043538332 54.1981217404 54.9041854553 55.1401942699 54.9582453525 54.4356414415 53.6635955517 52.7359335812 51.7394914661 50.7472761105 49.8147622346 48.9790998865 48.2606081279 47.665753397 47.1908236885 46.825649756 46.5569244778 46.3708750383 46.255212276 46.2003995678 46.2003479676 46.2526635244 46.3585604733 46.5225249863 46.7517812613 47.0555845223 47.4443500082 47.9286257755 48.5179297566 49.2194951408 50.0369980363 50.9693713111 52.0098315402 53.1452551895 54.3560298809 55.616473678 56.8958605206 58.1600185217 59.3733896831 60.5013677479 
0 1.24601040514e-09 4.62287955114e-08 8.34340018684e-07 9.74623763952e-06 8.28628520723e-05 0.00054672843516 0.00291509850588 0.0129156807654 0.0485321237543 0.157100462495 0.443555423042 1.10341540804 2.43909002435 4.82558019185 8.59873080137 13.878260688 20.3972568305 27.4476848285 34.0201020242 39.1109441934 42.0582935124 42.7381673228 41.5367353049 39.1433822821 36.2899196786 33.5528611159 31.2703008901 29.558903542 28.3838875772 27.6365249481 27.1926236148 26.9449859362 26.8147115393 26.7499755338 26.7197046822 26.706697864 26.7021783719 26.7021873933 26.7055305324 26.7128297466 26.7263078118 26.7500574194 26.7906395692 26.8578924891 26.9658165904 27.1333483501 27.384768871 27.7494397534 28.260552477 28.9526488554 29.8578395507 31.0009135686 32.3938612998 34.0306595605 35.8833938404 37.9008177865 40.0101965721 42.1227389592 44.1421779945 45.9752924274 47.5425990853 48.7872881407 49.680799345 50.2241681181 50.445189559 50.3922865282 50.1265051476 49.7131988225 49.2147362658 48.6851113148 48.166804802 47.6897880995 47.27224444 46.9224383581 46.6411617627 46.4242805604 46.2650478074 46.155996031 46.0903446905 46.0629451959 46.070833626 46.1134761831 46.1927842472 46.3129552006 46.4801712944 46.7021687402 46.9876774101 47.3457300802 47.7848490487 48.312135496 48.9323099806 49.6467767333 50.4528048936 51.3429312844 52.3046870698 53.3207315437 54.3694398417 55.4259404041 56.4635390466 57.4554089648 
0 4.12869272096e-10 1.58402999787e-08 2.94161715427e-07 3.53754254731e-06 3.09790558595e-05 0.000210640124512 0.001157968096 0.00529227297076 0.0205229110613 0.068591938909 0.200048159033 0.514323501483 1.17567238817 2.40697825761 4.44222961127 7.43407687283 11.3447887196 15.8790515304 20.5163780934 24.6541079359 27.8023727811 29.7334752716 30.5152883116 30.4300900571 29.8394379437 29.0653106787 28.326800462 27.7328866655 27.3092631323 27.0346057697 26.8704435517 26.7792066047 26.731843092 26.7089007909 26.698681318 26.6947600727 26.6939241004 26.6948003147 26.6970961248 26.7012869311 26.7086113495 26.7212865896 26.7428937561 26.7788942187 26.8372239183 26.928878028 27.0683530147 27.2737703638 27.5664834924 27.9699857221 28.5080083945 29.2018304982 30.0670046748 31.109909085 32.3247105901 33.6914107587 35.175586202 36.7302009657 38.2994837056 39.8244077961 41.2489137625 42.5257987113 43.6212464625 44.5172784831 45.211875567 45.7170098323 46.0551995921 46.2553752746 46.3488157463 46.3657340615 46.3328403043 46.2719629032 46.1996197811 46.127318264 46.0623243806 46.0086600741 45.9681379191 45.9413060411 45.9282353562 45.9291277254 45.9447536562 45.9767425806 46.0277508669 46.1015270311 46.2028845335 46.3375837942 46.5121193641 46.7334071999 47.0083713348 47.343438634 47.7439635986 48.2136204145 48.7538140453 49.3631731244 50.037191716 50.7680821464 51.5448857853 52.3538633198 53.1791533621 54.0036528058 
0 1.28808390905e-10 5.03240394297e-09 9.62921188306e-08 1.19350214708e-06 1.07813752929e-05 7.56875013145e-05 0.000430005849586 0.00203310989961 0.00816540316337 0.0282976146462 0.0856868006872 0.229054958871 0.545261872933 1.16461991657 2.24691547391 3.93987011589 6.31584828973 9.31208519499 12.7103324003 16.1792270684 19.3683208348 22.0098770739 23.9802618126 25.3001704594 26.0882007597 26.4999880001 26.6799959698 26.7369086331 26.7396902657 26.7253807047 26.7102600581 26.6994226896 26.6931015393 26.6900542859 26.6890051934 26.6890683827 26.6897591263 26.6909055522 26.6925884677 26.6951489556 26.6992730395 26.7061574932 26.7177612365 26.7371429 26.7688726875 26.8194844766 26.897903838 27.0157542769 27.1874159827 27.4297000285 27.7610182649 28.1999842909 28.7634759141 29.4643153078 30.3088570213 31.2948815522 32.4102336318 33.6325873826 34.9305551854 36.2661077786 37.5979981742 38.8856587456 40.0929375486 41.1910882571 42.1606100735 42.9917898026 43.6840523911 44.244415166 44.6854327375 45.0230156836 45.2744325431 45.4566963337 45.585425757 45.6741792659 45.7341976806 45.7744589575 45.8019419158 45.8220062961 45.8388163051 45.8557569561 45.8758123005 45.9018894709 45.9370816045 45.9848668055 46.0492407412 46.134778979 46.2466234517 46.3903869157 46.5719709847 46.7972978152 47.0719628087 47.4008251999 47.7875639788 48.2342366101 48.7408854829 49.3052399681 49.9225587371 50.5856468276 51.2850652368 52.0095294011 

User avatar
David Parker
Posts: 1736
Joined: Tue Aug 23, 2005 2:43 pm

Re: How to interpret the results of svOneDSolver

Post by David Parker » Wed Jun 26, 2024 1:12 pm

Hi Lina,

The 1D vessel models a fluid continuum, it is the fluid velocity that changes.

The DATATABLE RESISTANCE_1 LIST table should just have a single line, not sure how that might change things.

You could try to increase the material stiffness so you could better compare the results with 3D simulation.

Code: Select all

 MATERIAL MAT1 OLUFSEN 1.06 0.04   0 2.0 1.0e15     -20      1e9
Cheers,
Dave

User avatar
Li Xia
Posts: 11
Joined: Sun Sep 03, 2023 12:14 am

Re: How to interpret the results of svOneDSolver

Post by Li Xia » Wed Jun 26, 2024 6:43 pm

Hi Dave,

Thank you very much for your answer and suggestion. This result is easier to understand and is closer to the 3D result. However, due to the significant difference in results caused by the properties of the two materials, how can I determine which material to use in which situation? The material properties used in the blood flow simulation examples in svOneDSolver, such as Left_coronary_inlet_pressure_wave_outlet_coronary.in and 12_AortoFem_pulse_RCR.in, are the same as the ones I used previously. Why is this the case?

Sincerely,
Lina

User avatar
David Parker
Posts: 1736
Joined: Tue Aug 23, 2005 2:43 pm

Re: How to interpret the results of svOneDSolver

Post by David Parker » Fri Jun 28, 2024 10:08 am

Hi Lina,

The selection of material properties depends on what you results you are looking for. Choosing elastic vessel properties allows you to simulate wave propagation phenomenon in vascular networks. If that is important for your study then select the properties appropriately.

Cheers,
Dave

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