This page contains a literature review of currently available knee models based on finite element analysis. The [http://www.imagwiki.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=Working_Group_10#Standards_Proposal Standards proposal], developed by [http://www.imagwiki.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=Working_Group_10 Working Group 10 - Model Sharing and Standards] of [http://www.imagwiki.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=Main_Page Interagency Modeling and Analysis Group] is specialized for knee modeling, as a guideline for the review process.

TableOfContents

Review Guidelines

Please use this list as a guideline while you are reviewing an article. While this list is comprehensive, not all items need to be filled in. This is simply a set of recommendations with the potential to establish a standardized and objective review process.

Identification & Description

• Model name, keywords (generic and specific).

• Version.

• Simulation software.

• Brief description.

• Summary of highlights.

• Summary of limitations.

• Reference to publication.

• Pointer to publication.

• Related models.

Model Structure & Content

• Physics and domains. e.g. static, dynamics, elastics, biphasic, joint, tissue, cell

• Overall modeling assumptions.

• Loading and boundary conditions. scenario, origin.

• Primary output variables.

• Secondary output variables.

• Reference configuration.

• Components (subsidiary models). e.g. bone, cartilage, ligaments, menisci

  • Geometric representation. Origin of data, segmentation procedures.

  • Mesh. Mesh generation protocols, characteristics.

  • Material properties. Constitutive models, origin of parameters.

• Interactions.

  • Interacting components.

  • Interaction properties. Models to represent interactions, origin of parameters.

• Solution strategy.

• Simulation settings. Numerical solvers used, stopping tolerances, etc.

Verification

Also see, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17558646

• Methods of verification. Based on information provided by simulation software or additional analysis conducted by the study.

• Correctness of formulation.

• Comparisons with analytical solutions. referral to relevant test problems in simulation software documentation.

• Sensitivity to simulation settings.

• Mesh convergence.

• Assessment of repeatability.

Validation

Also see, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17558646

• Physiological relevance of loading and boundary conditions.

• Justification of parameters. Providing source information and evaluation

• Data used for model development.

• Data used for model comparison. experimentation by authors or from literature, other model results.

• Validation procedures. direct (primary output variable validated), indirect (secondary output validated), or procedural (validation conducted with a simplified representative problem and its experimentation).

• Sensitivity analysis.

• Predictive capacity. Model is predictive, shown to fit other data not used as basis.

Availability

• Website for downloads. source code or as binary.

• Website (or contact) for queries.

• Website for public commentary, responses, and rating.

• Licensing.

• Follow-up. Development of subsequent models and publications, or alternative models.

Studies on FEA of the Knee

Open Knee

The finite element representation used in the Open Knee projects is reviewed in here as an example. This will also serve an ongoing assessment of the scholarly status of the knee model under development.

References