-- aerdemir 2015-08-17 13:03:30 Tissue testing protocols are currently being evaluated, more details are available at /ProtocolEvaluation

Target Outcome

Material behavior for all primary and secondary tissues necessary for required representative constitutive models.

Prerequisites

Infrastructure

For more details see Infrastructure/ExperimentationMechanics.

Previous Protocols

For more details see Specifications/Specimens.

For more details see Specifications/SpecimenPreparation.

For more details see Specifications/ExperimentationAnatomicalImaging

For more details see Specifications/ExperimentationJointMechanics

Tissue types

Primary tissues

Cartilage

1. Medial femoral condyle

2. Lateral femoral condyle

3. Medial tibial plateau

4. Lateral tibial plateau

5. Trochlear groove

6. Patella

Meniscus

1. Medial meniscus

2. Lateral meniscus

Ligaments

1. Anterior cruciate ligament

2. Posterior cruciate ligament

3. Lateral collateral ligament

4. Medial collateral ligament

5. Patellar ligament

Tendon

1. Quadriceps tendon

Secondary tissues

  1. Medial Capsule
  2. Lateral Capsule
  3. Medial patellofemoral ligament
  4. Transverse ligament

Protocols

Note: Maintain a readme file in each sample data folder (both Mach1 and optical thickness measurement system) with all the relevant notes (dimensions, type of test, any other test specific information etc)

Ligaments and tendon

Experiment Conditions

Multi-step tensile stress-relaxation test supported by video data to characterize viscoelastic behaviour of the samples.

Measurements

Operating Procedures

Sample preparation

Thickness measurement

Note: Use appropriate file naming convention to name the image file (.jpg). This will automatically reflect in the result .xml and .png files.

Width measurement

Test set up

Determination of reference length

Testing

Note: Do not filter force data.

Note:

Data analysis

Sample removal and storage

Data storage

Cartilage

Experiment Conditions

Multi-step tensile stress-relaxation test supported by video data (for tensile tests) to characterize viscoelastic behaviour of the samples.

Measurements

Force-displacement data (unfiltered @ 2.5kHz Hz unless downsampled) Video data (RAW format, 640x480 @ 10 Hz unless downsampled)

Operating Procedures

Sample preparation

Thickness measurement

Width measurement

Test set up

Confined Compression test

Unconfined compression test

Tensile test

Determination of reference length / thickness

Testing

Compression test (confined and unconfined)

Tensile test

Note: Make sure for each step of the test sequences the location of file is appropriately selected.

Data analysis (All tests)

Sample removal and storage (All tests)

Once the test is complete, remove the sample carefully from the system, wrap in saline soaked paper towel, place in an appropriately named ziplock bag, and store in the freezer in BioRobotics lab.

Data storage (All tests)

Transfer all collected data immediately to Midas (local storage at Cleveland Clinic).

Menisci

Experiment Conditions

Multi-step tensile stress-relaxation test supported by video data (for tensile tests) to characterize viscoelastic behaviour of the samples.

Measurements

Force-displacement data (unfiltered @ 100 Hz unless downsampled) Video data (RAW format, 640x480 @ 10 Hz unless downsampled)

Operating Procedures

Sample preparation

Thickness measurement

Width measurement

Test set up

Confined Compression test

Unconfined compression test

Tensile test

Determination of reference length / thickness

Testing

Compression test (confined and unconfined)

Tensile test

Note: Make sure for each step of the test sequences the location of file is appropriately selected.

Data analysis (All tests)

Sample removal and storage (All tests)

Once the test is complete, remove the sample carefully from the system, wrap in saline soaked paper towel, place in an appropriately named ziplock bag, and store in the freezer in BioRobotics lab.

Data storage (All tests)

Transfer all collected data immediately to Midas (local storage at Cleveland Clinic).


Mach-1 limitations and desired features

System limitation: Acceleration/deceleration times too long and affect tissue relaxation behavior. Solution: Software update by Biomomentum Inc. to reduce accleration/deceleration times (version 4.3.1.9).

System test: Tests run using a foam sample (unconfined compression). 5% strain applied at 100%/s assuming 1mm, 2mm, 5mm and 12mm.

Mach-1-v-4.3.1.9-test.pdf


Testing protocol feasibility assessment and related Mach-1 parameter tuning


References

1. Seitz, Andreas Martin, Fabio Galbusera, Carina Krais, Anita Ignatius, and Lutz Dürselen. “Stress-relaxation Response of Human Menisci Under Confined Compression Conditions.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 26 (October 2013): 68–80. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.027. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175161611300204X

2. Korhonen RK1, Laasanen MS, Töyräs J, Rieppo J, Hirvonen J, Helminen HJ, Jurvelin JS. "Comparison of the equilibrium response of articular cartilage in unconfined compression, confined compression and indentation." Journal of Biomechanics 2002 Jul;35(7):903-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12052392

3. Shaokoon Cheng, Elizabeth C. Clarke, Lynne E. Bilston. "The effects of preconditioning strain on measured tissue properties." ournal of Biomechanics 42 (2009) 1360–1362. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19394022

4. Mija Lee, William Hyman. "Modeling of failure mode in knee ligaments depending on the strain rate." BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2002; 3: 3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC65677

5. Duenwald SE1, Vanderby R Jr, Lakes RS. "Stress relaxation and recovery in tendon and ligament: Experiment and modeling." Biorheology. 2010;47(1):1-14. doi: 10.3233/BIR-2010-0559. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20448294

6. Subrata Pal. "Mechanical Properties of Biological Materials." Design of Artificial Human Joints & Organs 2014, pp 23-40. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-6255-2_2